CHAPTER 2: The Shift from Infectious to Chronic Disease

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Chronic disease has  been steadily replacing infectious disease as  a  significant cause  of  morbidity and  mortality  through the  20th  century and  into  the  21st.  At the same time, life expectancy is also on the rise and, cumulatively, these events have led to a rise in chronic degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis, cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and other related diseases. While there are genetic predispositions, environmental and social determinants that are being explored, these conditions are in large part considered lifestyle diseases and primarily attributed to behaviors related to excessive body mass, poor diet, nutrition and lack of physical activity .

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